In the first diagram, below, general vocabulary (at the 2000 level) is assumed to comprise around 80%, academic vocabulary 10%,Īnd technical and low-frequency vocabulary 5% each.įigure 1: General, academic, technical and low-frequency model. The area of the boxes shows the relative frequency of each type The following diagrams represent the above two categorisations of vocabulary. Which requires knowledge of 8000-9000 word families, which is where the mid-frequency range ends. Require a higher comprehension level of 98% of words in a text, The level of 3000 was chosen based on various factors, including the range of vocabulary for graded readers (which typically finishĪround the 3000 word level), lists of defining vocabulary for learner dictionaries (which range from 2000 to 3000 words),Īnd the fact that comfortable English listening comprehension requires around 95% comprehension of words, which needs knowledge of around 3000Ī similar 95% comprehension of reading texts requires more words (around 4000-5000 word families), and would be sufficient for assisted reading, This categorisation expands the high-frequency range to the most frequent 3000 words, with mid-frequency words representing words from 3001 to 9000įrequency levels, and low-frequency representing words from 9001 and lower. High- vs mid- vs low-frequency vocabularyĪ more recent way to categorise vocabulary (from Schmitt and Schmitt, 2014) is as high-frequency, mid-frequency, and low-frequency vocabulary. Which are both close to the 2000 word family range. The NGSL has 2368 word families, while the New-GSL has 1883 word families, words and inflected forms, not word families. New-GSL has 2494 words), these are lemma-based lists, While more recent general word lists appear to contain more words (the General Service List (GSL), which is the foundation for theĪcademic Word List (AWL), which remains the most commonly used list of academic Using this categorisation, general vocabulary has typically been set at around 2000 word families. General vs academic/technical/low-frequency vocabularyĪ traditional way to categorise vocabulary (from Nation, 2001) has been as general (i.e. However, there are two models that categorise vocabulary which There is no precise figure of how many words should comprise general vocabulary. Of the content of spoken and written English. 10 most common words Īnd written English.
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